Escaping the Laboratory: the rodent experiments of John B. Calhoun & their cultural influence.

Citation metadata

Authors: Edmund Ramsden and Jon Adams
Date: Spring 2009
From: Journal of Social History(Vol. 42, Issue 3)
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Document Type: Report
Length: 14,416 words

Main content

Abstract :

In John B. Calhoun's early crowding experiments, rats were supplied with everything they needed--except space. The result was population boom, followed by such severe psychological disruption that the animals died off to extinction. The take-home message was that crowding resulted in pathological behavior--in rats and by extension in humans. For those pessimistic about Earth's "carrying capacity," the macabre spectacle of this "behavioral sink" was a compelling symbol of the problems awaiting overpopulation. Calhoun's work enjoyed considerable popular success. But cultural influence can run both ways. In this paper, we look at how the cultural impact of Calhoun's experiments resulted in a simplified, popular version of his work coming to overshadow the more nuanced and positive message he wanted to spread, and how his professional reputation was affected by this popular "success."

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Gale Document Number: GALE|A197666893