Byline: Kamyar. Moghaddam, Mehrdad. Iranshahi, Mahsa. Yazdi, Ahmad. Shahverdi
The different investigation has been carried out on the biological activities of curcumin but the effect of this natural product on the antibacterial activity of different antibiotics has not been demonstrated. In this study the enhancement effect of curcumin on the antibacterial activity of different antibiotics was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus . Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity of these antibiotics in the absence and presence of sub inhibitory concentration of curcumin. A clinical isolate of S. aureus was used as test strain. In the presence of sub-inhibitory concentration of curcumin (500 [micro]g/disc) the antibacterial activities of cefixime, cephotaxime, vancomycin and tetracycline have been increased against test strain. The highest fold increase in area was observed for cefixime against S. aureus (a 52.6 % increase in inhibition zone surface area). Also the increases in inhibition zone areas (%) for cephotaxime, vancomycin and tetracycline were 24.9%, 26.5% and 24.4%, respectively. No enhancing effect on the antibacterial activities of others antibiotics was detected against S. aureus at content of 500[micro]g/disc. Conversely, in case of nalidixic acid, curcumin showed an antagonistic effect on the antibacterial activity of this antibiotic against test strain. These results signify that the curcumin potentiates the antimicrobial action of cefixime, cephotaxime, vancomycin and tetracycline suggesting a possible utilization of this edible compound in combination therapy against S. aureus .
Introduction
Curcumin [diferuloylmethane; (1E, 6E)-1,7-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) -1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione] known as Indian solid gold is the small-molecular-weight, major wide spectrum biological active, non-volatile pigmentary polyphenolic component of curry spice turmeric ( Curcuma longa ). Turmeric widely used as a spice, food preservative and coloring material in East. It has been thousands of years that this golden colored spice is used in Indian system of holistic medicine, known as Ayurveda, and other traditional medicine specially as a treatment for various respiratory condition and also other diseases like liver disorders, anorexia, parasitic infections, rheumatism, diabetic wounds, sinusitis, cold and flu symptoms.[sup] [1]
Modern world researchers demonstrated many different valuable pharmacological effects for this natural product. In gastrointestinal system it is gastro protective and anti ulcer in stomach, antispasmodic and antiflatulent in intestine, hepatoprotective and improve pancreas tasks. In cardiovascular system it is a cardioprotective and has hypocholesteremic effect. Also it improves the lipid profile and have neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic by inducing apoptosis, Pro/antimutagenic, anticoagulant, antifertility, antidiabetic, antiviral, antifibrotic and antiprotozoal activities.[sup] [2],[3] Moreover, curcumin [Figure 1] interacts with numerous molecular targets in body. It strongly inhibits the activation of different transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes that contribute to tumorgenesis, cell survival, inflammation, invasion, cell proliferation and angiogenesis.[sup] [1],4] Also the antimicrobial activity of turmeric as well as its main constituent (curcumin), and its different derivatives such as curcuma oil, has been published in literature.[sup] [5],[6],[7],[8]
The emergence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics and...
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