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From:Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology (Vol. 14, Issue 3) Peer-ReviewedByline: Rakendra. Singh, Manjot. Kaur, Deepak. Arora Background and Objective: The nervous system is the most frequent and serious targets of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In spite of a wide...
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From:Science (Vol. 273, Issue 5273) Peer-ReviewedThe role of chemokines in HIV infection was a major topic at the 1996 AIDS conference. However, researchers are divided on whether chemokine research will make it possible to improve HIV treatments and vaccines....
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From:PLoS ONE (Vol. 13, Issue 8) Peer-ReviewedAuto-reactive CD8 T-cells play an important role in the destruction of pancreatic [beta]-cells resulting in type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the phenotype of these auto-reactive cytolytic CD8 T-cells has not yet been...
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From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 16, Issue 3) Peer-ReviewedLymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) exhibits natural tropism for dendritic cells and represents the prototypic infection that elicits protective [CD8.sup.+] T cell (cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)) immunity. Here we...
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From:Journal of Clinical Investigation (Vol. 122, Issue 11) Peer-Reviewed[CD8.sup.+] cytotoxic T cells are critical for viral clearance from the lungs upon influenza virus infection. The contribution of antigen cross-presentation by DCs to the induction of antiviral cytotoxic T cells remains...
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From:Science (Vol. 250, Issue 4988) Peer-ReviewedIn order to examine the mechanisms by which clonal deletion of autoreactive T cells occurs, a peptide antigen was used to induce deletion of antigen-reactive thymocytes in vivo. Mice transgenic for a T cell receptor...
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From:Science (Vol. 291, Issue 5510) Peer-ReviewedGADS is an adaptor protein implicated in CD3 signaling because of its ability to link SLP-76 to LAT. A GADS-deficient mouse was generated by gene targeting, and the function of GADS in T cell development and activation...
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From:Diabetes (Vol. 57, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedWhile differentiating T-cell autoreactivity against pancreatic islets between type 1 diabetic patients and nondiabetic control subjects as, over time, proven to be a difficult task, the ultimate challenge for cellular...
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From:Nature (Vol. 574, Issue 7778) Peer-ReviewedThe responses of CD8.sup.+ T cells to hepatotropic viruses such as hepatitis B range from dysfunction to differentiation into effector cells, but the mechanisms that underlie these distinct outcomes remain poorly...
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From:PLoS ONE (Vol. 10, Issue 10) Peer-ReviewedThe aging process is accompanied by altered immune system functioning and an increased risk of infection. Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells that play a key role in both adaptive and innate immunity, but...
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From:Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology (Vol. 3) Peer-ReviewedPicture yourself as a researcher in immunology. To begin your project, you ask a question: Do CD8 T cells require antigen to maintain a memory response? This question is of prime importance to numerous medical fields....
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From:Nature (Vol. 573, Issue 7775) Peer-ReviewedImmune cells' built-in timepieces affect response to inoculation. Immune cells' built-in timepieces affect response to inoculation. Author Affiliations: Immune cells called T cells (pictured; artificially...
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From:Journal of Immunology Research (Vol. 2016) Peer-ReviewedThe adaptive immune system plays a pivotal role in the host's ability to mount an effective, antigen-specific immune response against tumors. [CD8.sup.+] tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) mediate tumor rejection...
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From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 14, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedStevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening adverse drug reactions characterized by massive epidermal necrosis, in which the specific danger signals involved remain unclear....
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From:Journal of Clinical Investigation (Vol. 122, Issue 11) Peer-ReviewedTh9 cells are a subset of [CD4.sup.+] Th cells that produce the pleiotropic cytokine IL-9. IL-9/Th9 can function as both positive and negative regulators of immune response, but the role of IL-9/Th9 in tumor immunity is...
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From:Nature (Vol. 420, Issue 6914) Peer-ReviewedEarly treatment of acute HIV-1 infection followed by treatment interruptions has shown promise for enhancing immune control of infection.sup.1,2,3. A subsequent loss of control, however, allows the correlates of...
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From:PLoS ONE (Vol. 14, Issue 7) Peer-ReviewedInnate CD8[alpha][alpha].sup.+ cells, also referred to as iCD8[alpha] cells, are TCR-negative intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) possessing cytokine and chemokine profiles and functions related to innate immune cells....
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From:Nature (Vol. 576, Issue 7787) Peer-ReviewedTumour-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with a survival benefit in several tumour types and with the response to immunotherapy.sup.1-8. However, the reason some tumours have high CD8 T cell infiltration while...
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From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 26, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) of PD-1 and CTLA-4 to treat metastatic melanoma (MM) has variable therapeutic benefit. To explore this in peripheral samples, we characterized CD8.sup.+ T cell gene expression across a...
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From:Journal of the International AIDS Society (Vol. 24, Issue S1) Peer-ReviewedBackground: Interleukin-21 plays an important role in the development of the immune response where it has been linked with the generation of virus-specific memory CD8+ T-cells, limiting exhaustion and promoting effector...