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    Academic Journals

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• Generation and analysis of interleukin-4 deficient mice

  Authors:R. Kuhn, K. Rajewsky, and W. MullerFrom:Science (Vol. 254, Issue 5032) Peer-Reviewed

  Nov. 1, 19912,744 words Article Interleukin-4 (IL-4) promotes the growth and differentiation of many hematopoietic cells in vitro; in particular, it directs the immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch to IgGl and IgE. Mice homozygous for a mutation that...

• Role of NK1.1+ T cells in a TH2 response and in immunoglobulin E production

  Authors:Tomohiro Yoshimoto, Albert Bendelac, Cynthia Watson, Jane Hu-Li, and William E. PaulFrom:Science (Vol. 270, Issue 5243) Peer-Reviewed

  Dec. 15, 19952,480 words Article Immune responses dominated by interleukin-4 (IL-4)-producing T helper type 2 ([T.sub.H]2) cells or by interferon [gamma] (IFN-[gamma])-producing T helper type 1 ([T.sub.H]1) cells express distinctive protection against...

• Long-term human B cell lines dependent on interleukin-4 and antibody to CD40

  Authors:Jacques Banchereau, Paolo de Paoli, Alain Valle, Eric Garcia, and Francoise RoussetFrom:Science (Vol. 251, Issue 4989) Peer-Reviewed

  Jan. 4, 19911,601 words Article ALTHOUGH FACTOR-DEPENDENT human T cell lines and clones have been available for more than a decade, all attempts to reproducibly generate factor-dependent human B cell lines have failed [1], and combinations of...

• Stimulation of Interleukin-4 production in EL4 T cells via increased NF-at binding activity by Scapharca broughtonii

  Authors:Tae Sung Kim and Jin Cheol YooFrom:Journal of Shellfish Research (Vol. 27, Issue 2) Peer-Reviewed

  Apr. 20082,383 words Report 1450LABSTRACT Interleukin-4 (IL-4) plays an important role in several areas of T-cell biology, including the development of Th2 responses and blocking Th1 effector mechanisms mediated by gamma interferon (IFN-[gamma]), such...

• IL-4 mediated by HSV vector suppresses morphine withdrawal response and decreases TNF[alpha], NR2B, and pC/EBP[beta] in the periaqueductal gray in rats

  Authors:H Yi, T Iida, S Liu, D Ikegami, Q Liu, A Iida, et al.From:Gene Therapy (Vol. 24, Issue 4) Peer-Reviewed

  Apr. 20177,529 words Report 1910LChronic opiates induce the development of physical dependence. Opioid physical dependence characterized by withdrawal symptoms, may have very long-lasting effects on the motivation for reward, including the incubation...

• Human ADMC-Derived Adipocyte Thermogenic Capacity Is Regulated by IL-4 Receptor

  Authors:Fernando Lizcano, Diana Vargas, Angela Gomez, and Astrid TorradoFrom:Stem Cells International (Vol. 2017) Peer-Reviewed

  Annual 20175,192 words Report 1410LType two innate immune system is anti-inflammatory and may play an important role as the means whereby "browning" is induced in subcutaneous adipocytes. It was shown that IL-4 may influence the fate of adipose cell...

• Azithromycin decreases Chlamydia pneumoniae-mediated Interleukin-4 responses but not Immunoglobulin E responses

  Authors:Tamar A. Smith-Norowitz, Yvonne Huang, Jeffrey Loeffler, Elliot Klein, Yitzchok M. Norowitz, Margaret R. Hammerschlag, et al.From:PLoS ONE (Vol. 15, Issue 6) Peer-Reviewed

  June 8, 20202,826 words Report 1300LAuthor(s): Tamar A. Smith-Norowitz 1,*, Yvonne Huang 1, Jeffrey Loeffler 1, Elliot Klein 1, Yitzchok M. Norowitz 1, Margaret R. Hammerschlag 1, Rauno Joks 2, Stephan Kohlhoff 1 Introduction Chlamydia pneumoniae is...

• Epstein-Barr Virus: Germline C Epsilon Transcript Is Abnormally Expressed

  From:Herpes Viruses Weekly

  Nov. 9, 1998234 words Brief article A low concentration of recombinant interleukin-4 abnormally induced the DNase I hypersensitive site of patients' lymphoblastoid cell lines. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) induces germline C epsilon transcripts prior to Ct...

• Interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain: a functional component of the interleukin-4 receptor

  Authors:Sarah M. Russell, Achsah D. Keegan, Nobuyuki Harada, Yoshiaki Nakamura, Masayuki Noguchi, Pamela Leland, et al.From:Science (Vol. 262, Issue 5141) Peer-Reviewed

  Dec. 17, 19932,618 words Article The interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor [gamma] chain (IL-2R[gamma] is an essential component of high- and intermediate-affinity IL-2 receptors. IL-2R[gamma] was demonstrated to be a component of the IL-4 receptor on the...

• Susceptibility to Leishmania major infection in interleukin-4-deficient mice

  Authors:Nancy Noben-Trauth, Pascale Kropf, and Ingrid MullerFrom:Science (Vol. 271, Issue 5251) Peer-Reviewed

  Feb. 16, 19962,987 words Article Interleukin-4 (IL-4), a pleiotropic cytokine, is a major regulator of the immune system and is considered crucial for the development of T helper cell type 2 ([T.sub.H]2) responses. The susceptibility of BALB/c mice to...

• Immunoglobulin E production in the absence of interleukin-4-secreting CD1-dependent cells

  Authors:Stephen T. Smiley, Mark H. Kaplan, and Michael J. GrusbyFrom:Science (Vol. 275, Issue 5302) Peer-Reviewed

  Feb. 14, 19972,148 words Article A lymphocyte population that expresses surface markers found on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells secretes large amounts of interleukin-4 (IL-4) immediately after T cell receptor ligation. These NK-like T cells are...

• A single administration of interleukin-4 antagonistic mutant DNA inhibits allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma

  Authors:K Nishikubo, Y Murata, S Tamaki, K Sugama, K Imanaka-Yoshida, N Yuda, et al.From:Gene Therapy (Vol. 10, Issue 26) Peer-Reviewed

  Dec. 2, 20035,034 words Article 1740LInterleukin 4 (IL-4) is essential for the switching of B cells to IgE antibody production and for the maturation of T helper (Th) cells toward the Th2 phenotype. These mechanisms are thought to play a crucial role in...

• Exogenous IL-4-expressing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss in a guinea pig model

  Authors:Chang-qiang Tan, Xia Gao, Lang Guo, and He HuangFrom:BioMed Research InternationalPeer-Reviewed

  Annual 20145,709 words Report 1370LBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) expressing recombinant IL-4 have the potential to remediate inflammatory diseases. We thus investigated whether BMSCs expressing exogenous IL-4 could alleviate autoimmune...

• Direct Engagement of TLR4 in Invariant NKT Cells Regulates Immune Diseases by Differential IL-4 and IFN-[gamma] Production in Mice

  Authors:Ji Hyung Kim, Hye Sung Kim, Hye Young Kim, Sae Jin Oh, and Doo Hyun ChungFrom:PLoS ONE (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-Reviewed

  Sept. 19, 20128,360 words Report 1600LAuthor(s): Ji Hyung Kim 1 , 2 , Hye Sung Kim 1 , 2 , Hye Young Kim 1 , Sae Jin Oh 1 , 2 , Doo Hyun Chung 1 , 2 , * Introduction Invariant (i) natural killer T (NKT) cells express intermediate levels of a...

• Canine IL4-10 fusion protein provides disease modifying activity in a canine model of OA; an exploratory study

  Authors:E.M. van Helvoort, J. Popov-Celeketic, N. Eijkelkamp, K. Coeleveld, M.A. Tryfonidou, C.D. Wijne, et al.From:PLoS ONE (Vol. 14, Issue 7) Peer-Reviewed

  July 11, 20197,347 words Report 1320LObjective An ideal disease modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD) has chondroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. This study describes the production and characterization of a canine IL4-10 fusion...

• Heterophile Anti-Mouse Immunoglobulin Antibodies May Interfere With Cytokine Measurements in Patients With HLA Alleles Protective for Type 1A Diabetes

  Authors:Maria J. Redondo, Peter A. Gottlieb, Teresa Motheral, Christine Mulgrew, Marian Rewers, Sunanda Babu, et al.From:Diabetes (Vol. 48, Issue 11) Peer-Reviewed

  Nov. 19993,061 words Article Wilson and coworkers (Wilson SB, Kent SC, Patton KT, Orban T, Jackson RA, Exley M, Porcelli S, Schatz DA, Atkinson MA, Balk SP, Strominger JL, Hafler DA: Extreme Th1 bias of invariant V [Alpha] 24J [Alpha] Q T-cells in...

• TBX21 predicts prognosis of patients and drives cancer stem cell maintenance via the TBX21-IL-4 pathway in lung adenocarcinoma

  Authors:Shuangtao Zhao, Wenzhi Shen, Jiangyong Yu, and Luhua WangFrom:Stem Cell Research & Therapy (Vol. 9, Issue 1) Peer-Reviewed

  Apr. 3, 20186,950 words Report 1520LBackground The Th1 cell-specific transcription factor TBX21 functions as a regulator of expression of a Th1 cytokine, interferon gamma (IFN-[gamma]). However, the specific function of TBX21 correlated with cancer...

• Venkatesh et al. reply.

  Authors:Byrappa Venkatesh, Alison P. Lee, Jeremy B. Swann, Yuko Ohta, Martin F. Flajnik, Masanori Kasahara, et al.From:Nature (Vol. 511, Issue 7508) Peer-Reviewed

  July 10, 20141,259 words Letter to the editor 1740LReplying to J. M. Dijkstra Nature511,http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13446(2014) In the accompanying Comment.sup.1, Dijkstra has identified gene models potentially encoding cytokines in regions of the Callorhinchus...

• Association of IL-4 and IL-1RN (receptor antagonist) gene variants and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A study in the north Indian population

  Authors:Hemant Bid, Rituraj Konwar, C. Agrawal, and Monisha BanerjeeFrom:Indian Journal of Medical Sciences (Vol. 62, Issue 7) Peer-Reviewed

  July 20082,879 words Report 1650LByline: Hemant. Bid, Rituraj. Konwar, C. Agrawal, Monisha. Banerjee Background: Inflammation is a key event closely associated with the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Association of genetic...

• Serum levels of soluble IL-2R, IL-4 and soluble Fc-epsilon-RII in adult bronchial asthma

  Authors:Kohei Matsumoto, Fumio Taki, Mariko Miura, Masaharu Matsuzaki, and Kenzo TakagiFrom:Chest (Vol. 105, Issue 3) Peer-Reviewed

  Mar. 19943,224 words Article Examination was made of the serum levels of interleukin 4 (IL-4), soluble Fc[epsilon]RII (sFc[epsilon]RII), and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) in 77 adult patients with bronchial asthma. All the patients had...