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Literature Criticism
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From:TLS. Times Literary Supplement (Issue 5962)In the early 2000s, while researching a biography of George Orwell, I spent several weeks in the Suffolk town of Southwold. The prompt for these working holidays, in a tiny maisonette set back from the sea, was a...
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From:New Criterion (Vol. 22, Issue 2)George Orwell, whose books have sold a phenomenal forty million copies in more than sixty languages, was the most influential prose stylist of the twentieth century. Kingsley Amis observed that "no modern writer has his...
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From:Reference Guide to English Literature (2nd ed.)Most directly Animal Farm is an allegory of Stalinism, growing out of the Russian Revolution of 1917. It is cast as a beast fable, thus giving the reader some distance from the specific political events. George Orwell's...
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From:St. James Guide to Science Fiction Writers (4th ed.)George Orwell's worldwide reputation as a writer of science fiction rests upon a single novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four. Such is the dynamic force of this work that the title of the book has become a universal symbol for the...
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From:Reference Guide to English Literature (2nd ed.)George Orwell never legally changed his name. He was born Eric Blair, and so he remained to his family and his bank manager until his death, yet the assumption of a pseudonym for his first book did represent an important...
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From:Twentieth-Century Young Adult WritersOnly George Orwell's last two novels have been much read by young adults, and these were, of course, the two that enjoyed the greatest fame and largest sales: Animal Farm and 1984. Together they gave Orwell an...
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From:Literature Resource Center[In the following essay, Fitzpatrick, a Ph.D. candidate at New York University, notes that an understanding of the historical setting for Orwell's novel is imperative if the reader is to understand the work as not simply...
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From:TLS. Times Literary Supplement (Issue 5853)A sale of Modern Literature at Bonham's, Knightsbridge, on June 24 includes an eight-page letter from T. S. Eliot to Lytton Strachey, the larger part of which appears to be unpublished. Writing on December 10, 1923,...
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From:Twentieth Century Literature (Vol. 60, Issue 4) Peer-Reviewed"You could not always be quite certain if he was serious or not." --Sir Richard Rees, George Orwell "To be funny, indeed, you have got to be serious." --George Orwell, "Funny, but not Vulgar" To speak of...
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From: College Literature[(essay date June 1996) In the following essay, Knapp discusses his methods for teaching Animal Farm.] Simplification is vexation, Work...
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From: Subjectivity and Literature from the Romantics to the Present Day[In the following essay, Marks discusses Orwell's literary reputation and discusses “Shooting an Elephant” as an example of “eye-witness” literature, in which Orwell, as narrator and witness, should be considered...
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From: Readings on Animal Farm[(essay date 1998) In the following essay, originally published in 1984, Patai provides a feminist interpretation of Animal Farm.] Although Animal Farm is mentioned in scores of studies of Orwell, no critic has thought...
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From: The New York Times Book Review[Schorer was an American critic and biographer. His often anthologized essay “Technique as Discovery,” published in 1947, became a critical hallmark for its claim that fiction deserved the close scrutiny, attention, and...
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From: Transformations of Utopia: Changing Views of the Perfect Society[(essay date 1999) In the following essay, Harris examines parallels between Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale and George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four, asserting that Atwood's novel is a critique of George Orwell's...
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From: San Jose Studies[(essay date spring 1990) In the following essay, Grofman examines aspects of Animal Farm, including its literary roots, its place in didactic literature, and its critical reception.] This essay has a very simple aim:...
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From: Three Modern Satirists: Waugh, Orwell, and HuxleyIn the following excerpt, Greenblatt explains how Animal Farm reveals Orwell's disgust and disillusion with the socialist causes he once expounded. Throughout Orwell's early novels, journals, and essays, democratic...
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From: Conrad’s Trojan Horses: Imperialism, Hybridity, and the Postcolonial Aesthetic[(essay date 2008) In the following excerpt, Henthorne explores the importance of Almayer’s Folly in Conrad’s development as a postcolonial thinker. He notes that the narrator seems to shift his sympathy from the...
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From: The Fin-de-Siècle Culture of Adolescence[(essay date 1992) In the following essay, Neubauer examines the way the subject of adolescence in literature gained prominence during the fin de siècle, when works about, for, and by adolescents became more popular.]...
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From: The Sewanee Review[(essay date 2004) In the following essay, Miller examines several biographies of Orwell, comparing and contrasting how they deal with details of his life and character and how they define his politics and works,...
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From: Religion and Literature[(essay date summer 1987) In the following essay, Roelofs interprets Nineteen Eighty-Four as a defense of biblical socialism, which involves "the values of loving fellowship and spontaneous community."] This paper...