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Literature Criticism
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From:Reference Guide to World Literature (2nd ed.)Gabrielle Roy is perhaps the first truly Canadian author. Her novels and short stories, written in French, render not only the complex reality of her adopted province of Quebec—Bonheur d'occasion (The Tin Flute), which...
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From:St. James Guide to Science Fiction Writers (4th ed.)Thomas Pynchon's novels, though firmly entrenched in historic and technological realities, question all orders and unities to suggest that, since man continually imposes patterns on his world, all patterns are suspect...
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From: Sight and Sound[(review date Spring 1961) In the following excerpt, Houston reviews Tirez sur le pianiste, commenting that although the critics and public disliked the film, it reflects Truffaut's dedication and devotion to the art of...
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From: Landfall[(essay date September 1990) In the following essay, Brown comments on the way in which Frame analyzes New Zealand society in her novel Owls Do Cry.] Janet Frame emerged in 1954 after eight years in hospital to join a...
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From:Contemporary Popular WritersAt the age of 30 Douglas Coupland became the unofficial spokesman for those born between the early 1960s and 1970s, a generation whose label was coined from the title of his first novel, Generation X (1991). The scant...
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From:Reference Guide to English Literature (2nd ed.)Redgauntlet is one of the most important works of Sir Walter Scott's later career. In it, he returns to a subject raised in Waverley, his first novel: the Jacobite uprisings of the 18th century. Unlike the 1745 rebellion...
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From:Reference Guide to English Literature (2nd ed.)The Spoils of Poynton began as a short story and turned into a novella as Henry James wrestled with his material. The evolution of the book is extensively documented in the author's Notebooks and in the preface he wrote...
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From:Reference Guide to English Literature (2nd ed.)Howards End is ``a condition-of-England'' novel, asking directly, who shall inherit England? Geographically, the action is centred in London, with scenes in Swanage, Shropshire, and Hertfordshire, where the modest house...
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From:Reference Guide to American Literature (3rd ed.)Ken Kesey, best known as the author of the novel One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest, which was made into an Academy Award film starring Jack Nicholson, is one of the few remaining cultural heroes of the 196Os. Like the poet...
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From:Reference Guide to English Literature (2nd ed.)In The Wings of the Dove we are already in Henry James's last and most difficult phase, after The Awkward Age and The Sacred Fount and immediately before The Ambassadors and The Golden Bowl. The obscurity, elaboration,...
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From:Reference Guide to American Literature (3rd ed.)The Rise of Silas Lapham, the most widely read of William Dean Howells's many novels, is an excellent example of its author's theory of literary realism, which he set forth in his essay Criticism and Fiction (1891)....
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From:Reference Guide to American Literature (3rd ed.)Lillian Hellman freely admitted that she was a moral writer, that she could not deny herself that final summing up, and in this play she made a resounding statement about "the little foxes that spoil the vines." Called...
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From:St. James Guide to Science Fiction Writers (4th ed.)Robert A. Heinlein's near-50-year career as a writer is much too complex to cover entirely in any survey article. The growth of that career, in fact, is coterminous with the development of mass-market publishing in the...
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From:Reference Guide to American Literature (3rd ed.)Although Booth Tarkington was a very popular author during his lifetime, his reputation has dimmed since his death, and today few of his works are read. Yet he was an excellent fictional craftsman and a first-rate...
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From:Contemporary Dramatists (5th ed.)At the dawn of the 1960s Edward Albee introduced a humorous self-definition on stage with FAM, the "Famous American playwright," and YAM, the "Young American playwright," thus forecasting his exemplary career. Regarded...
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From: Drama Survey[(essay date Fall 1963) In the following essay, Mendelsohn traces a chronological progression in Odets's plays--from an early emphasis on anti-family social rebellion to a later integration and acceptance of the family...
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From:Contemporary Dramatists (5th ed.)Israel Horovitz has produced a large volume of work since the 1970s, leaving audiences with the impression of a writer with broad concerns, varying aesthetic impulses, and an impish overview of the human condition. The...
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From:Reference Guide to World Literature (2nd ed.)For many years Boris Pasternak `held undisputed sway over Russian poetry', but remained unknown outside the literary world until October 1958, when he was awarded the Nobel prize for literature. In a few days' time the...
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From:Contemporary Dramatists (5th ed.)The dramas of Joseph A. Walker explore various aspects of black life such as male-female relationships, interracial strife, and family and community bonds. However, the focus of most of his works is on the psyche of...
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From:Reference Guide to Short FictionIn a letter to his daughter, Fitzgerald wrote, "I not only announced the birth of my young illusions in This Side of Paradise but pretty much the death of them in some of my last Post stories like "Babylon Revisited."'...