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    Academic Journals

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• Subliminal stimulation: some new data and interpretation

  Authors:Sharon E. Beatty and Del I. HawkinsFrom:Journal of Advertising (Vol. 18, Issue 3) Peer-Reviewed

  Summer 19893,088 words Article Hawkins' (1970) article on subliminal stimulation has been used for over 15 years as empirical evidence that subliminal advertising can directly affect consumption-relevant behavior. Our study presents new evidence that...

• Bottoms up! (BTW)

  From:The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide (Vol. 10, Issue 3) Peer-Reviewed

  May-June 2003232 words Brief article Another odd trend is the occurrence of subtle but pointed references to anal sex in some very high-profile commercials, notably those introduced during the Super Bowl. Anheuser-Busch continued the trend in this year's...

• The answer is no: a national survey of advertising industry practitioners and their clients about whether they use subliminal advertising

  Authors:Martha Rogers and Christine A. SeilerFrom:Journal of Advertising Research (Vol. 34, Issue 2) Peer-Reviewed

  March-April 19943,439 words Article Subliminal advertising is not being used by advertising practitioners. This advertising strategy was introduced by Jim Vicary in 1957, based on the supposed effectiveness of below-conscious perception of flashed images...

• The most powerful manipulative messages are hiding in plain sight

  Author:John A. BarghFrom:The Chronicle of Higher Education (Vol. 45, Issue 21)

  Jan. 29, 19991,703 words Article Subliminal advertisement and messages are often brief, but they are capable of influencing human behavior and actions. Surveys reveal that the public believes it is often influenced in unwanted ways such as false...

• Effect of Archetypal Embeds on Feelings: An Indirect Route to Affecting Attitudes?

  Authors:Andrew B. Aylesworth, Ronald C. Goodstein, and Ajay KalraFrom:Journal of Advertising (Vol. 28, Issue 3) Peer-Reviewed

  Fall 19995,611 words Article Advertising practitioners have long been the target of charges of unethical conduct stemming from their supposed use of subliminal techniques, though very few studies have shown any value of subliminal embeds in an...

• Public perceptions of subliminal advertising: why practitioners shouldn't ignore this issue

  Authors:Martha Rogers and Kirk H. SmithFrom:Journal of Advertising Research (Vol. 33, Issue 2) Peer-Reviewed

  March-April 19934,764 words Cover story Consumer awareness of subliminal advertising and the degree to which they believe that subliminal messages in media are used to influence people's attitudes and behavior are studied. Telephone surveys were conducted for...

• Is there an effect of subliminal messages in music on choice behavior?

  Authors:Hauke Egermann, Reinhard Kopiez, and Christoph ReuterFrom:Journal of Articles in Support of the Null Hypothesis (Vol. 4, Issue 2) Peer-Reviewed

  Mar. 20076,873 words Report 1310LThe present study examines the effects of subliminal text messages in music on choice behavior. Subliminal messages are assumed to function as auditory primers. The results of two experiments will be presented: In...

• Russia to look for subliminal TV messages. (In-Brief)

  From:The Quill (Vol. 90, Issue 7)

  Sept. 2002108 words Brief article By the end of the year, all Russian television channels will be screened for extra video frames containing subliminal messages, a broadcasting official said in early August. Deputy Press Minister Valery Sirozhenko...

• Subliminal advertising and the perpetual popularity of playing to people's paranoia

  Author:Sheri J. BroylesFrom:Journal of Consumer Affairs (Vol. 40, Issue 2) Peer-Reviewed

  Winter 20066,298 words Article 1470LEvery 20 years, subliminal advertising pops back into popular culture. August Bullock (2004a) is the most recent "advocate" with his book The Secret Sales Pitch: An Overview of Subliminal Advertising. This paper reviews...