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- 1From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 6. 6th ed.)Rats are members of the order Rodentia, which also includes beavers, mice, hamsters, and porcupines. Two major subfamilies of rats and mice are recognized within the family Muridae: the Sigmodontinae; the New World rats...
- 2From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 6. 6th ed.)Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) are macaques belonging to the primate family Cercopithecidae. These medium-sized monkeys are colored from golden brown to gray brown. Rhesus monkeys spend most of their time on the ground,...
- 3From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 4. 6th ed.)Often referred to as a living fossil, the horseshoe crab has changed relatively little morphologically over the past 450 million years. The large greenish brown, helmet-like dorsal plate, called either the cephalothorax...
- 4From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 3. 6th ed.)Frogs are tailless amphibians (class Amphibia, order Anura). With some 4,800 living species, frogs are the most numerous and best known of amphibians. They are found on all continents except Antarctica and are common on...
- 5From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 3. 6th ed.)The groundhog or woodchuck (Marmota monax) is a husky, waddling rodent in the squirrel family Sciuridae, order Rodentia. The groundhog is a type of marmot (genus Marmota), and is also closely related to the ground...
- 6From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 4. 6th ed.)Hartebeests are even-toed hoofed antelopes in the family Bovidae, which are found throughout Africa south of the Sahara. Included among the grazing antelopes in the subfamily Hippotraginae are the reedbucks, waterbuck,...
- 7From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 4. 6th ed.)An instinct is a stereotyped species-typical behavior that appears fully functional the first time it is performed, without the need for learning. Such behaviors are usually triggered by a particular stimulus or cue, and...
- 8From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 5. 6th ed.)Mimicry is the imitation or copying of an action or image. In biological systems, mimicry specifically refers to the fascinating resemblance of an organism, called the “mimic,” to another, somewhat distantly related...
- 9From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 5. 6th ed.)Macaques are medium-to large-sized monkeys native to Asia and Africa belonging to the genus Macaca, family Cercopithecidae, order Primates. Macaques are usually various shades of brown, gray, or black in fur color,...
- 10From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 3. 6th ed.)Elapid snakes are extremely venomous snakes such as cobras, mambas, kraits, tiger snakes, and coral snakes in the family Elapidae. This family, which includes about 300 species, is usually divided into two...
- 11From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 1. 6th ed.)Behavior is the way that living things respond to their environment. A behavior consists of a response to a stimulus or factor in an individual's internal or external environment. Stimuli include chemicals, heat, light,...
- 12From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 5. 6th ed.)Monkeys are tree-dwelling mammals, along with prosimians, apes, and humans, that make up the order Primata of the primates. The primate infraorder Anthropoidea (also known as Simiiformes) includes two different...
- 13From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 5. 6th ed.)Marsupials belong to the order Marsupalia, one of three subclasses of mammals (Metatheria). Marsupials are named for the marsupium, which means “pouch” in Latin; most female marsupials carry their young in pouches. The...
- 14From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 5. 6th ed.)Otters are small to medium-sized mammals with a long body, flattened head, broad muzzle, and long stiff whiskers. Their tail is strong, long, flattened, and somewhat tapered. Otters have short legs and webbed toes; they...
- 15From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 2. 6th ed.)Canines are a species in the carnivore family, Canidae, which includes wolves, coyotes, foxes, dingos, jackals, and several species of wild dog. The family also includes the domestic dog, which is believed to have...
- 16From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 6. 6th ed.)Phalangers are a small group of arboreal mammals belonging to the family Phalangeridae, of which 26 species are recognized in six genera. Phalangers, more commonly known as possums and cuscuses, are marsupials but with a...
- 17From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 2. 6th ed.)Capuchins are New World monkeys characterized by a cap or crown patch of hair that resembles a hood, called a capuche, worn by Franciscan monks. Capuchins belong to the family Cebidae, which includes 58 species in 11...
- 18From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 3. 6th ed.)Eland (Taurotragus oryx) are the largest African antelopes, weighing from 1,300 to 2,200 lb (about 600 to 1,000 kg) and standing 6.6 ft (2 m) at the shoulder. They belong to the family Bovidae in the order Artiodactyla,...
- 19From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 6. 6th ed.)Prairie dogs, or barking squirrels, are ground-dwelling herbivores in the genus Cynomys, in the squirrel family Sciuridae, order Rodentia. Prairie dogs are closely related to the ground squirrels, gophers, and marmots....
- 20From:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 1. 6th ed.)Butterfly fish (family Chaetodontidae) are some of the most colorful and varied fish of the oceans, the majority of which live on or close to coral reefs. Most species measure from 5–9.5 in (13–24 cm) in length and have...