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• Select Rusts and Smuts

  1

  Rusts and Smuts

  Author:Stephen R. JohnsonFrom:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 6. 6^th ed.)

  2021900 words Topic overview 1310LRusts and smuts are fungi belonging to the orders Urediniales (rusts) and Ustilaginales (smuts) which are basidiomycete fungi. The rusts have complicated life cycles which involve the infection of two different plant...
• Select Flower

  2

  Flower

  Author:Peter A. EnsmingerFrom:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 3. 6^th ed.)

  20211,619 words Topic overview 1200LA flower is the reproductive structure of an angiosperm plant. Flowers have ovaries with ovules that develop into fruits with seeds. There are over 300,000 species of angiosperms, and their flowers and fruits vary...
• Select Gymnosperm

  3

  Gymnosperm

  Editors:Katherine H. Nemeh and Jacqueline L. LongeFrom:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 3. 6^th ed.)

  2021421 words Topic overview 1100LGymnosperms are one of the two major groups of plants that produce seeds; the other is the angiosperms. Gymnosperm literally means “naked seed,” which refers to the development of seeds exposed on a flat structure, that...
• Select Palms

  4

  Palms

  Author:Les C. CwynarFrom:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 6. 6^th ed.)

  20212,250 words Topic overview 1230LThe palm family is an ancient group of plants dating from at least the late Mesozoic era, about 85 million years ago. Palms are flowering plants. Flowering plants have been subdivided into two major groups: the...
• Select Jatropha

  5

  Jatropha

  Author:K. Lee LernerFrom:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 4. 6^th ed.)

  2021325 words Topic overview 1410LJatropha is a genus with about 170 species of flowering plants shrubs and trees. The genus is distributed globally. Part of the family Euphorbiaceae, Jatropha species are often toxic to humans but one species, Jatropha...
• Select Angiosperm

  6

  Angiosperm

  Author:Les C. CwynarFrom:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 1. 6^th ed.)

  2021477 words Topic overview 1360LAngiosperm is the name given to plants that produce flowers during sexual reproduction. The term literally means “vessel seed” and refers to the fact that seeds are contained in a highly specialized organ called an...
• Select Olive Family (Oleaceae)

  7

  Olive Family (Oleaceae)

  Author:Peter A. EnsmingerFrom:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 5. 6^th ed.)

  20211,123 words Topic overview 1200LThe olive family is a family of flowering plants known to botanists as the Oleaceae. The Oleaceae have about 25 genera and over 500 species. Most species are native to temperate and tropical regions of the Northern...
• Select Orchid Family (Orchidaeceae)

  8

  Orchid Family (Orchidaeceae)

  Author:Bill FreedmanFrom:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 5. 6^th ed.)

  20212,242 words Topic overview 1360LThe many species of orchids comprise one of the largest families of flowering plants, the Orchidaceae, which contains about 1,000 genera and about 20,000 species. Orchids have a worldwide distribution, and they occur in...
• Select Mutualism

  9

  Mutualism

  Author:Bill FreedmanFrom:The Gale Encyclopedia of Science (Vol. 5. 6^th ed.)

  2021519 words Topic overview 1290LMutualism is a biological interaction that is beneficial to both parties. Most mutualisms are facultative, meaning the partners can successfully live apart. However, some mutualisms are so intimate that the interacting...