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- 1From:Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports and Issue BriefsJanuary 6, 2023 On October 31, 2022, the Supreme Court heard arguments in two cases addressing admissions in higher education: Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President & Fellows of Harvard College and Students...
- 2From:AEI Paper & StudiesAbout the Report On June 23, the Supreme Court decided Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin in a close 4-3 ruling upholding the university's affirmative action program. Affirmative action is not a subject the...
- 3From:The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know (3rd ed.)A term referring to various government policies that aim to increase the proportion of African-Americans, women, and other minorities in jobs and educational institutions historically dominated by white men. The...
- 4From:AEI Paper & StudiesRacial Discrimination and Affirmative Action Brown v. Board of Education EARL WARREN In 1954, the United States Supreme Court, in the case of Brown v. Board of Education, unanimously struck down as...
- 5From:Encyclopedia of World BiographyBIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY Thomas Sowell (born 1930) is noted for his conservative views on social and economic issues. An African American author and economist, Sowell opposes such programs as affirmative action, busing,...
- 6From:EmploymentThe prohibition of discrimination is well anchored in Israeli law. Yet, nondiscriminatory hiring practices and affirmative action are not an integral part of the Israeli political and legal tradition; programs, laws and...
- 7From:Human Resources, Training and Development[check] This checklist provides managers with the basis for introducing an equal opportunities policy. Increasingly, such a policy is a moral, legal and business imperative for all line managers. Definition An...
- 8From:Encyclopedia of World BiographyBIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY U.S. Supreme Court Justice Anthony M. Kennedy (born 1936) was appointed by Ronald Reagan in 1988. His votes generally tipped the balance in favor of conservative decisions. Anthony M. Kennedy,...
- 9From:Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports and Issue BriefsSummary Affirmative action remains a focal point of public debate as the result of legal and political developments at the federal, state, and local levels. In recent years, federal courts have reviewed minority...
- 10From:Encyclopedia of World BiographyBIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY A lawyer by training, Maynard Holbrook Jackson, Jr. (1938-2003), was the first African American to be elected mayor of Atlanta, Georgia (1973-1981 and 1989-1993), and the first to serve as chief...
- 11From:Encyclopedia of World BiographyBIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY Republican Peter Barton Wilson (born 1935) was elected the governor of California in 1991. As governor of the most populous and economically powerful state in the United States, Pete Wilson is...
- 12From:The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know (3rd ed.)The goal of giving all persons an equal chance to an education and employment, and to protect their civil rights, regardless of their race, religious beliefs, or gender. In the United States, various minority groups...
- 13From:Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports and Issue BriefsSummary Federal courts, like Congress and the presidency, are important forums for resolving the political, economic, and social conflicts that characterize American society. From the beginnings of the republic, when...
- 14From:Encyclopedia of World BiographyBIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY Hispanic American civil rights activist Linda Chavez (born 1947) gained political attention for her conservative view that government policies such as affirmative action do a disservice to...
- 15From:AEI Paper & StudiesIn the next few weeks, the Supreme Court will hand down rulings on high-profile cases involving same-sex marriage and affirmative action. What do Americans think about these hot-button issues? While support for...
- 16From:Encyclopedia of World BiographyBIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY During his term as president of the National Urban League, John E. Jacob (born 1934) pushed for the social and economic progress of African Americans and other minority groups. "America will...
- 17From:AEI Paper & StudiesIn February 2012, the Supreme Court agreed to hear a major case, Fisher v. the University of Texas, involving race-conscious college admissions and in October, the Court heard oral arguments. Only a few pollsters have...