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    Academic Journals

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• Black scientists gather to form communities and boost diversity in science.

  Author:Rodrigo Pérez OrtegaFrom:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20212,422 words Article 1020LBlack scientists have been historically underrepresented in academia and science. A 2018 study of the National Center for Education Statistics found that only 6% of faculty in the USA were Black. Systemic racism and...

• A framework for microbiome science in public health.

  Authors:Jeremy E. Wilkinson, Eric A. Franzosa, Christine Everett, Chengchen Li, Sena Bae, Isa Berzansky, et al.From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20217,638 words Article 1710LHuman microbiome science has advanced rapidly and reached a scale at which basic biology, clinical translation and population health are increasingly integrated. It is thus now possible for public health researchers,...

• An ensemble of neural networks provides expert-level prenatal detection of complex congenital heart disease.

  Authors:Rima Arnaout, Lara Curran, Yili Zhao, Jami C. Levine, Erin Chinn, and Anita J. Moon-GradyFrom:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 202110,832 words Report 1480LCongenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect. Fetal screening ultrasound provides five views of the heart that together can detect 90% of complex CHD, but in practice, sensitivity is as low as 30%....

• Antigen-independent activation enhances the efficacy of 4-1BB-costimulated CD22 CAR T cells.

  Authors:Nathan Singh, Noelle V. Frey, Boris Engels, David M. Barrett, Olga Shestova, Pranali Ravikumar, et al.From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 202111,637 words Report 1550LWhile CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells can induce remission in patients with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a large subset relapse with CD19.sup.- disease. Like CD19, CD22 is broadly...

• Durable vision improvement after a single treatment with antisense oligonucleotide sepofarsen: a case report.

  Authors:Artur V. Cideciyan, Samuel G. Jacobson, Allen C. Ho, Alexandra V. Garafalo, Alejandro J. Roman, Alexander Sumaroka, et al.From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20217,275 words Clinical report 1480LLeber congenital amaurosis due to CEP290 ciliopathy is being explored by treatment with the antisense oligonucleotide (AON) sepofarsen. One patient who was part of a larger cohort (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03140969) was...

• Deep learning for detecting congenital heart disease in the fetus.

  Authors:Shaine A. Morris and Keila N. LopezFrom:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20211,106 words Article 1650LNew advances in machine learning could facilitate and reduce disparities in the prenatal diagnosis of congenital health disease, the most common and lethal birth defect. Author(s): Shaine A. Morris 1 , Keila N. Lopez 1...

• Four distinct trajectories of tau deposition identified in Alzheimer's disease.

  Authors:Jacob W. Vogel, Alexandra L. Young, Neil P. Oxtoby, Ruben Smith, Rik Ossenkoppele, Olof T. Strandberg, et al.From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 202116,903 words Report 1490LAlzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the spread of tau pathology throughout the cerebral cortex. This spreading pattern was thought to be fairly consistent across individuals, although recent work has...

• SARS-CoV-2 escaped natural immunity, raising questions about vaccines and therapies.

  Authors:Emanuele Andreano and Rino RappuoliFrom:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20211,919 words Article 1540LSARS-CoV-2 can escape natural immune responses, but can the virus evade monoclonal antibodies and vaccine-mediated immunity? Author(s): Emanuele Andreano 1 , Rino Rappuoli 1 2 Author Affiliations: (1) Monoclonal...

• Open letter to international funders of science and development in Africa.

  Authors:Ngozi A. Erondu, Ifeyinwa Aniebo, Catherine Kyobutungi, Janet Midega, Emelda Okiro, and Fredros OkumuFrom:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20211,289 words Letter to the editor 1670LAuthor(s): Ngozi A. Erondu 1 2 , Ifeyinwa Aniebo 1 3 4 , Catherine Kyobutungi 5 , Janet Midega 1 6 , Emelda Okiro 7 , Fredros Okumu 1 8 Author Affiliations: (1) Aspen Institute, Washington, USA (2) O'Neill...

• A single-cell map of intratumoral changes during anti-PD1 treatment of patients with breast cancer.

  Authors:Ayse Bassez, Hanne Vos, Laurien Van Dyck, Giuseppe Floris, Ingrid Arijs, Christine Desmedt, et al.From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 202115,817 words Report 1570LImmune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves pathological complete response in breast cancer. To understand why only a subset of tumors respond to ICB, patients with hormone...

• Context matters in CAR T cell tonic signaling.

  Author:Kristen HegeFrom:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20211,225 words Article 1700LUnexpected clinical results unearth a new facet in CAR design that could facilitate the development of more-effective CAR T cell therapies. Author(s): Kristen Hege 1 2 Author Affiliations: (1) Early Clinical...

• The battle for COVID-19 vaccines highlights the need for a new global governance mechanism.

  Authors:Anna Mia Ekström, Camilla Berggren, Göran Tomson, Lawrence O. Gostin, Peter Friberg, and Ole Petter OttersenFrom:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 2021995 words Letter to the editor 1890LAuthor(s): Anna Mia Ekström 1 , Camilla Berggren 2 , Göran Tomson 2 3 , Lawrence O. Gostin 4 , Peter Friberg 2 5 , Ole Petter Ottersen 3 Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska...

• Sustained behavior change is key to preventing and tackling future pandemics.

  Authors:Susan Michie and Robert WestFrom:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20212,688 words Article 1370LInvestment in research and programs to discover and apply the principles that underpin sustained behavior change is needed to address the continuing threat from COVID-19 and future pandemics and will require...

• Leave no one behind: ensuring access to COVID-19 vaccines for refugee and displaced populations.

  Authors:Monette Zard, Ling San Lau, Diana M. Bowser, Fouad M. Fouad, Diego I. Lucumí, Goleen Samari, et al.From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20212,344 words Article 1760LEnsuring access to vaccines against COVID-19 for refugee and displaced populations and addressing health inequities are vital for an effective pandemic response. Author(s): Monette Zard 1 , Ling San Lau 1 , Diana M....

• Author Correction: Implications of TP53 allelic state for genome stability, clinical presentation and outcomes in myelodysplastic syndromes.

  Authors:Elsa Bernard, Yasuhito Nannya, Robert P. Hasserjian, Sean M. Devlin, Heinz Tuechler, Juan S. Medina-Martinez, et al.From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20211,085 words Correction notice 2240LAuthor(s): Elsa Bernard 1 2 , Yasuhito Nannya 3 , Robert P. Hasserjian 4 , Sean M. Devlin 5 , Heinz Tuechler 6 , Juan S. Medina-Martinez 1 2 , Tetsuichi Yoshizato 3 , Yusuke Shiozawa 3 , Ryunosuke Saiki 3 , Luca...

• Transcriptional analysis of cystic fibrosis airways at single-cell resolution reveals altered epithelial cell states and composition.

  Authors:Gianni Carraro, Justin Langerman, Shan Sabri, Zareeb Lorenzana, Arunima Purkayastha, Guangzhu Zhang, et al.From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 202111,385 words Report 1720LCystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal autosomal recessive disorder that afflicts more than 70,000 people. People with CF experience multi-organ dysfunction resulting from aberrant electrolyte transport across polarized...

• Sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants to neutralizing antibodies.

  Authors:Delphine Planas, Timothée Bruel, Ludivine Grzelak, Florence Guivel-Benhassine, Isabelle Staropoli, Françoise Porrot, et al.From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20217,951 words Report 1390LSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants were first identified in the United Kingdom and South Africa, respectively, and have since spread to many countries. These...

• Triage-driven diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus for early detection of esophageal adenocarcinoma using deep learning.

  Authors:Marcel Gehrung, Mireia Crispin-Ortuzar, Adam G. Berman, Maria O'Donovan, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, and Florian MarkowetzFrom:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 202112,064 words Report 1430LDeep learning methods have been shown to achieve excellent performance on diagnostic tasks, but how to optimally combine them with expert knowledge and existing clinical decision pathways is still an open challenge. This...

• Precision medicine needs an equity agenda.

  From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 2021959 words Editorial 1630LEnhancing population diversity in genetic databases and evaluating genetic scores in conjunction with other disease factors will be needed to ensure a more equitable impact of precision medicine. Author Affiliations:...

• Artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiograms for identification of patients with low ejection fraction: a pragmatic, randomized clinical trial.

  Authors:Xiaoxi Yao, David R. Rushlow, Jonathan W. Inselman, Rozalina G. McCoy, Thomas D. Thacher, Emma M. Behnken, et al.From:Nature Medicine (Vol. 27, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed

  May 20215,279 words Report 1460LWe have conducted a pragmatic clinical trial aimed to assess whether an electrocardiogram (ECG)-based, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered clinical decision support tool enables early diagnosis of low ejection fraction...