Hardiness as moderator of the relationship between structural and psychological empowerment on burnout in middle managers

The role of hardiness in moderating the relationship between structural empowerment (SE), psychological empowerment (PE) and burnout is examined. The findings indicate an indirect effect of SE on burnout through PE that is moderated by hardiness. The results also show that a significant indirect effect is possible only when the subject shows medium or high levels of hardiness.