Abstract :
Keywords Interoception; Allostasis; Predictive processing Highlights * Interoception enables the brain to anticipate the body's upcoming metabolic needs. * Interoception provides performance metrics for visceromotor regulation. * We connect control theory with decision making and motor control of the body. * We model allostatic control as optimal control with a time-varying reference signal. Abstract The brain regulates the body by anticipating its needs and attempting to meet them before they arise -- a process called allostasis. Allostasis requires a model of the changing sensory conditions within the body, a process called interoception. In this paper, we examine how interoception may provide performance feedback for allostasis. We suggest studying allostasis in terms of control theory, reviewing control theory's applications to related issues in physiology, motor control, and decision making. We synthesize these by relating them to the important properties of allostatic regulation as a control problem. We then sketch a novel formalism for how the brain might perform allostatic control of the viscera by analogy to skeletomotor control, including a mathematical view on how interoception acts as performance feedback for allostasis. Finally, we suggest ways to test implications of our hypotheses. Author Affiliation: Northeastern University, Boston, MA , United States * Corresponding author. Article History: Received 19 March 2021; Revised 13 December 2021; Accepted 14 December 2021 Byline: Eli Sennesh [sennesh.e@northeastern.edu] (*), Jordan Theriault, Dana Brooks, Jan-Willem van de Meent, Lisa Feldman Barrett, Karen S. Quigley