Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder typically identified during childhood or adolescence. While ADHD is sometimes informally referred to as "ADD" (attention-deficit disorder), this term is no longer used in clinical practice. For decades, many psychologists and medical doctors considered ADHD to be exclusive to childhood. However, by 2020 the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recognized it as a lifelong condition. In the United States, gender, racial, and age disparities in ADHD diagnoses and common misconceptions about the disorder have persisted.

The three defining behavioral features of ADHD are inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Clinically, inattention is defined as a tendency to stray off task, give up on tasks too easily, or struggle to maintain focus for reasons other...