Han Dynasty, 206 b.c.e.–220 c.e.

The Han Dynasty (206 b.c.e.–220 c.e.) was one of the most prosperous dynasties in imperial China. It was the second imperial dynasty of China after the Qin (221–206 b.c.e.). Despite being one of the most prosperous periods in imperial Chinese history, the Han Dynasty was also racked with political turmoil, which eventually led to its downfall.

The collapse of the Qin dynasty was due to rebellion. During the final phase of this period of political chaos, a rebel leader named Liu Bang (256–195 b.c.e.) seized power in 202 b.c.e. He later became known as the Emperor Gaozu, the founder of the Han Dynasty. He established the Han Dynasty's capital at Chang'an. The period during which Chang'an was the seat of...